Medial epicondylitis is commonly known as golfer elbow. This condition is essentially tendonitis in the inside part of the elbow. Tendonitis is inflammation of a tendon. A tendon is a group of cord-like fibers that attach a muscle to a bone. Tendons can become irritated either through overuse or trauma. With lateral epicondylitis, this is usually from returning to sporting activities too fast and vigorously. Alternatively, it may occur from excessive overuse such as the constant use of a screwdriver or long periods of typing. Trauma can also cause tendonitis. If the elbow is hit or struck, "golfer elbow," or medial epicondylitis, may result.

Pain is the primary symptom. It will be located in the the inside part of the elbow, either on the bony part or in the muscle areas above and below that bony area. Pain usually begins slowly and increases over several weeks. The discomfort is commonly described as hot or burning and the areas may actually feel warm or be red. Swelling may also be present. In more severe cases, the pain may be present at all times and begin to expand away from the area of initial pain. If the tendonitis has not become excessive, pain may be felt only during use.

Activities that are problematic are usually associated with bending the wrist, turning the palm downward or bending the elbow. In severe cases, however, any movement of the wrist and elbow may be difficult.

Treatment depends on the severity of the inflammation. Your physician may prescribe anti-inflammatory medications, and rest is a primary consideration. Since the tendon attaches directly to the muscle, use of the muscle places stress on the tendon, which will continue to irritate the tendon. A splint may be used to temporarily immobilize the affected area and prevent use of the muscle.

Therapeutic modalities such as ultrasound, electrical stimulation, heat or ice may decrease pain and inflammation. A modality known as iontophoresis may also be used. Iontophoresis is another way to introduce anti-inflammatory medicine to bony areas.

There are therapeutic exercises and stretches that can speed recovery and return you to pain-free function. It is important to follow the guidelines for rest and exercise, because tendonitis can become reinflamed very easily. If you have had multiple episodes of tendonitis in the same area over several years, you may find it takes longer to heal.

Sometimes your health professional may perform a procedure known as friction massage. This manual therapy procedure is sometimes helpful with tendonitis.

If symptoms persist for a long time, anti-inflammatory injections or sometimes surgery may be indicated.